Policy Essays

The 70% Pay Cut

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What Happened to the American Dream


Americans haven't gotten a raise in 50 years. In fact, they've taken a 70% pay cut.

Wait, what? Official stats show median wages rising modestly since the 1970s. But that's a lie of omission. If you measure wages not in CPI baskets but in existential commodities - housing, healthcare, higher education - median wages have effectively collapsed.

The Labor Years Index

Here's the brutal math. How many years of median labor does it take to buy life's essentials?

Housing

  • 1970: Median home = 2-3 years of median wages
  • 2024: Median home = 7-10+ years depending on metro

Healthcare

  • 1970: Employer premiums minimal, out-of-pocket manageable
  • 2024: Medical bankruptcy is a uniquely American phenomenon

Higher Education

  • 1970: State university = a few months of work
  • 2024: Multiple years of debt service for many families

Why Official Stats Lie

CPI underweights existential categories. "Hedonic adjustments" make it look like people are richer because TVs got cheaper - while the core survival bundle got far more expensive.

The lived experience is decline, even though official charts don't scream collapse.

Who's Vacuuming Up the Years?

A crude 60/40 split: roughly 60% of incremental gains over 40 years flowed to owners, financial claimants, and gatekeepers. 40% stayed with the broad population - and that share is shrinking.

The extractors:

  • Financial claimants: Vanguard, BlackRock, private equity - capturing capital income through fees, dividends, buybacks
  • Real estate owners: Zoning capture, limited supply, land scarcity rents
  • Tech platforms: Network effects, winner-take-all markets, outsized equity compensation
  • Healthcare/Pharma: IP rents, fragmented billing, captive consumers
  • Higher ed finance: Credential gatekeeping, subsidized loans that institutionalize price increases

The Hostage Dynamic

To keep up with inflation, households must accumulate financial assets. But the primary vehicles for safe accumulation are dominated by the very institutions that extract rents. To "win," you must feed the lords who set the rules.

The system asks ordinary people to amass a $2-6M safety buffer just to stay neutral against monetary madness. That's not a market failure - it's a political-economic design: a capital-dependent survival strategy that privileges those who already own capital.

The Optimism Gap

China's citizens can see their standard of living rising. The U.S.? Reversed.

This matters because:

  • Talent decisions: Optimism attracts brains; pessimism pushes them away
  • Risk appetite: Societies that expect improvement take risks; stagnant ones hoard
  • Narrative projection: Optimism is exportable; pessimism is corrosive

It would be hard to make the case that the U.S. is working for Americans. The system increasingly looks like it's working on them, not for them.